Training vs Competence in Older People’s Services: What Inspectors and Commissioners Really Look For

In older people’s services, training is often mistaken for competence. While training provides knowledge, competence is demonstrated through consistent, safe practice in real situations. Ageing well depends on staff who can apply learning calmly under pressure—not just complete courses.

Two internal reference points that clarify this distinction are the Workforce Development & Retention — Mini Series and the Evidencing Compliance & Provider Assurance guidance.

Why training alone is insufficient

Training does not prove that a worker can:

  • Support someone who refuses care.
  • Notice and respond to deterioration.
  • Administer medication safely under time pressure.
  • Escalate concerns appropriately.

Competence is only demonstrated through observation, supervision and reflection.

Commissioner expectation

Commissioner expectation: providers evidence staff competence, not just training completion. Commissioners increasingly ask how learning is embedded into day-to-day practice.

Regulator / Inspector expectation (CQC)

Regulator / Inspector expectation (CQC): staff have the skills, knowledge and experience to deliver safe care. Inspectors will triangulate training records with observation, supervision and outcomes.

Operational example 1: Observed practice following training

Context: A provider relied heavily on e-learning certificates.

Support approach: Mandatory observation followed key training (manual handling, medication, safeguarding).

Day-to-day delivery detail: Supervisors observed real interactions and recorded competence against clear criteria.

How effectiveness/change is evidenced: Inspection feedback improved and incident learning showed stronger practice.

Operational example 2: Using supervision to test applied knowledge

Context: Staff completed safeguarding training but hesitated to escalate concerns.

Support approach: Supervision incorporated scenario-based discussion.

Day-to-day delivery detail: Supervisors asked staff to describe how they would respond to real safeguarding situations.

How effectiveness/change is evidenced: Escalation improved and safeguarding referrals were timelier.

Operational example 3: Competence matrices linked to risk

Context: Training records were disconnected from service risk profiles.

Support approach: The provider introduced competence matrices aligned to risks.

Day-to-day delivery detail: Managers tracked who was competent in high-risk tasks and restricted duties where needed.

How effectiveness/change is evidenced: Risk incidents reduced and audits showed clearer oversight.

Governance and assurance

Strong competence assurance includes:

  • Training records linked to observation.
  • Competence sign-off frameworks.
  • Supervision records testing application.
  • Learning reviews following incidents.

Why competence underpins ageing well

When staff are genuinely competent, people experience safer care, calmer interactions and more confident support. Competence assurance is therefore fundamental to dignity, independence and ageing well.


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Written by Impact Guru, editorial oversight by Mike Harrison, Founder of Impact Guru Ltd — bringing extensive experience in health and social care tenders, commissioning and strategy.

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