Measuring Prevention and Demand Avoidance in NHS-Commissioned Services

Prevention sits at the heart of NHS policy. From reducing hospital admissions to stabilising people in the community, commissioners increasingly expect providers to demonstrate how services prevent escalation rather than simply respond to crisis.

However, prevention is often harder to measure than activity. The absence of an event β€” an admission that didn’t happen, a crisis that was avoided β€” can feel intangible unless providers use the right approach.

This topic links closely with prevention and early intervention and continuous improvement.

Why prevention outcomes matter to commissioners

Commissioners view prevention as a value-for-money issue. Effective preventative services:

  • Reduce pressure on acute settings
  • Support system sustainability
  • Improve long-term outcomes for people

Providers that can evidence this position themselves as strategic partners.

The challenge of measuring what didn’t happen

Demand avoidance is difficult because it relies on counterfactuals. Commissioners therefore expect providers to:

  • Use proxy indicators
  • Compare trends over time
  • Triangulate data sources

Credibility comes from transparency, not certainty.

Common prevention outcome measures

Depending on service type, measures may include:

  • Reduced emergency admissions
  • Fewer crisis referrals
  • Stabilised risk profiles
  • Improved self-management

These should be linked clearly to service interventions.

Using baseline and comparator data

Strong providers establish:

  • Baseline demand levels
  • Expected escalation pathways
  • Post-intervention trends

This allows commissioners to see change over time.

Qualitative evidence and case examples

Prevention outcomes are strengthened by:

  • Case studies showing avoided escalation
  • Professional judgement narratives
  • Service user feedback

This adds context to numerical data.

What commissioners look for

Commissioners value prevention evidence that is:

  • Plausible and proportionate
  • Linked to system pressures
  • Used to inform service design

Over-claiming undermines trust.


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Written by Impact Guru, editorial oversight by Mike Harrison, Founder of Impact Guru Ltd β€” bringing extensive experience in health and social care tenders, commissioning and strategy.

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