Learning From Incidents, Near Misses and Safeguarding Events in NHS Services

Incidents and safeguarding events are signals, not failures. In NHS-commissioned services, commissioners expect providers to use incidents and near misses as opportunities to strengthen safety and reduce future risk.

How providers respond to incidents is often more important than the incident itself.

This approach aligns closely with learning from incidents and continuous improvement.

Why near misses matter

Near misses often reveal:

  • Gaps in communication
  • Weaknesses in controls
  • System pressures affecting practice

They provide early warning without harm.

Creating a learning-focused response

Effective providers ensure that incident reviews:

  • Focus on systems, not blame
  • Include frontline perspectives
  • Identify contributory factors

This encourages honest reporting.

Linking incidents to safeguarding learning

Safeguarding learning should explore:

  • Whether risks were foreseeable
  • How escalation operated in practice
  • What barriers staff faced

This strengthens future decision-making.

Turning learning into action

Commissioners expect providers to:

  • Translate learning into practical changes
  • Review whether actions are effective
  • Share learning with staff

Learning must be visible and sustained.

Governance oversight of learning

Strong governance ensures:

  • Trends are reviewed at senior level
  • Recurring issues are escalated
  • System risks are addressed

This closes the learning loop.

Sharing learning across systems

In NHS systems, providers are expected to:

  • Contribute to shared learning forums
  • Engage with commissioner-led reviews
  • Support system-wide improvement

This reflects collective responsibility.

What commissioners look for

Commissioners are reassured when providers can:

  • Evidence learning over time
  • Show how practice has changed
  • Demonstrate openness and transparency

This builds long-term confidence.


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Written by Impact Guru, editorial oversight by Mike Harrison, Founder of Impact Guru Ltd β€” bringing extensive experience in health and social care tenders, commissioning and strategy.

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